http://www.cnd.org:80/CNDhelp.html (World Wide Web Directory, ~04/1995)
China News Digest (CND) is a non-profit broadcasting service based on computer networks. All CND members are volunteers. We strive to (1) disseminate in a timely fashion information related to China and Chinese, and other information of special interest to CND readers, (2) serve the overseas Chinese community, and (3) promote the Chinese culture and Chinese computing.
CND offers two kinds of services: automated services and retrievable services. Readers can either subscribe to any of our mailing services via any LISTSERV site and automatically receive in their E-mail account periodical/occasional mails from our lists, or read any of our moderated newsgroups using any usenet newsreader (rn, tin, etc.) or news gateway. Most recent mail list mails can also be retrieved from LISTSERV. Retrievable services must be retrieved using appropriate network tools and may require certain skills. The two kinds of services are not totally overlapped.
CND does NOT charge anything for using its services. They are provided FREE to its users.
The services we currently provide are:
We strongly suggest you to read CND via usenet newsgroups, this will help to reduce the network e-mail load. However, CND has NO control over whether a particular news server carries CND-sponsored newsgroups or not. If your news server doesn't provide the CND newsgroups, petition with your system administrator.
Besides the automated service in GB code, CND-CM also provide a PostScript version of the Chinese Magazine (HXWZ) that is ready to be printed by a PostScript compatible or an HP LaserJet printer (series III and above) for retrieval by anonymous FTP/Gopher/WWW, and an HTML version of HXWZ that can be viewed on WWW. (Please read the current broadcast of CND-CM/HXWZ for any changes in the FTP/Gopher sites and file name of the PS version, or see the section "How to Retrieve Back Issues from CND's Database" in this message.)
WWW.cnd.org,
NOT CND.ORG):
CND's automated services include CND-moderated newsgroups and LISTSERV mailing lists. To read CND publications via newsgroups is simple: just make sure that you have access to them via your local or a remote host on the internet. (You may click on the name of the corresponding newsgroups in the following to take a look at them.)
We strongly suggest you to read CND via usenet newsgroups, this will help to reduce the network E-mail load. However, CND has NO control over whether a particular news server carries CND-sponsored newsgroups or not. If your news server doesn't provide the CND newsgroups, petition with your system administrator.
To subscribe to or to signoff from any of CND's automatic mail services, you must send the specified command (see below) via e-mail to the appropriate list server (LISTSERV) address. Leave the subject line of the mail message empty; the command should be on one line; do not write anything else in the message. Your request will not be read; it will be processed by a program.
For example, to subscribe to CND-Global service (for readers outside Canada),
send a message to the "Address" which is LISTSERV@ASUACAD.BITNET
or LISTSERV@ASUVM.INRE.ASU.EDU with the content of the message
being "SUB CHINA-NN Firstname
Lastname" which is the command to subscribe. The following is a
list of addresses you can use to subscribe the specified CND service(s).
Via newsgroup alt.cnd.global or by mail lists. Depending on your geographical location, we suggest you to subscribe to an appropriate list closest to you. Please click on the correct place corresponding to your location.
NOTE: When you are signing-off from CND-Global service and not sure which list server is providing service for your subscription, you should check the "From" line of the CND packages you received. It will help you determine which list server you should send your sign-off request to.
Via newsgroup alt.cnd.canada or by mail list.
You will receive both CND-Canada regional services and CND-Global services once you subscribe to CND-Canada, so it is normally unnecessary to subcribe to CND-Global seperately.
Via newsgroup: alt.cnd.ep or by mail lists.
Via newsgroups alt.cnd.hxwz (files in uuencoded CCDOS GB ( 电子部国标码 , 8-bit); identical files in Hz GB (~{!0::WV!19z1jBk~}, 7-bit) is regularly posted to alt.chinese.txt. This latter newsgroup is not moderated by CND, so there may be tons of unrelated messages posted by users from all over the world), or alt.cnd.hxwz.big5 (in Big 5 ¨き〃絏 , 8-bit, converted from the GB files; another place to find HXWZ in Big 5 is alt.chinese.text.big5 which, like alt.chinese.text, is not moderated by CND); or by mail lists that deliver CCDOS GB (电子部国标码, 8-bit) files in uuencoded format.
If you are unfamiliar with these Chinese coding regimes and formats, please refer to the section "What Do I Need to Read the CND Chinese Magazine ~{《华夏文摘》~} (Hua Xia Wen Zhai)?" for more information.
Via newsgroup alt.cnd-cinet; please send a mail to CINET-INFO@CND.ORG for service by automated mail list. (Press here if you wish to do this right now.)
If your subscription commands are successful, you will receive some
messages from the LISTSERV indicating the fact. One of the messages
will say that you have the option to "SET CONCEAL" your
subscription. DON'T DO IT! Setting your subscription
as concealed causes problem with our list maintaining software which
may cause your subscription to be dropped from our lists at random
times. Your privacy is well-preserved since we do not allow the public
to review our lists.
Besides CND-moderated mailing lists, CND also helps to maintain the mailing lists for CCNET-L (Chinese Computing Network), China-NT (IFCSS Coordinating Network), ChPOEM-L (Chinese poem discussion list) and CCNL (Chinese Community Newsletter).
CND is NOT related to these lists and their respective sponsors in any other way. If you have a question about these lists which has not been answered in this file, please contact:If you have followed the instructions above but can not subscribe/signoff successfully, please refer to the section "How to Get Further Help."
- For CCNET-L - Mr. Yuan Jiang at yjj@sirius.ctr.columbia.edu
- For CCNL - Mr. Jian Ding at ding@library.uta.edu
- For China-Net - net-cord@ifcss.org
- For CHPOEM-L - Mr. Xiaofei Wang at xiaofei@acsu.buffalo.edu
CND is the largest electronic mailing list in the world, with more than 40,000 direct subscribers. We would very much appreciate your effort to kindly help us minimize the burden in list maintainence and reduce E-mail network traffic by paying attention to the following points:
Please be reminded that it is YOUR RESPONSIBILITY to SIGN ON (subscribe to) and/or SIGN OFF (unsubscribe) various CND mailing lists - we did/do NOT add you to our mailing list; i.e., you have to subscribe yourself or someone else had subscribed for your/under your e-address (See later part of this message for details). This not only reduces the burden of CND's already busy volunteer mailing list maintainer, but also ensures the technical health of CND's mailing lists, thus helps all readers.
In order to be able to read the CND Chinese magazine (HXWZ), you need to have one of the following:
On top of these, you also need one of the following:
Of the softwares mentioned above, many are either free or very inexpensive to acquire. CND's InfoBase contains many such tools. Please read the section "InfoBase and FTP - Gopher - WWW Services" if you don't know how to use our InfoBase.
For better visual results, CND provides a specially designed PostScript version in two popular printer-ready formats: PostScript, an industrial graphics output standard, and PCL level 5, a Hewlett-Packard proprietary format that can be directly printed on HP LaserJet (series III and up) or compatible (including DeskJet 500 and up). The PostScript version may contain pictures that are not available from the standard GB version.
CND provides many help files for using these devices. To retrieve an index of the help files via E-mail, send command
GET CMHELP INDEX
to
LISTSERV@UGA.BITNET or
LISTSERV@UGA.UGA.EDU.
[Please refer to the section "Subscription Information" for instructions on sending commands via E-mail.] Help files can also be retrieved via anonymous FTP (under /pub/Tech-Help), Gopher ("Technical service center") or WWW.
Or, you may search for these documents and some programs to read Chinese files using anonymous FTP, Gopher, or WWW. See the section "How to Retrieve Back Issues and Information from CND's Databases?" of this message for more information.
If you have specific difficulties that are not answered in any of the documents, please read Section 7, "How to Get Further Help?"
All CND publications can be retrieved by FTP, Gopher, or WWW. Most recent publications and some special packages can also be retrieved from LISTSERVs.
All CND current and back issues are available for anonymous FTP at ftp.cnd.org (IP address: 132.249.229.100), at canada.cnd.org (IP address: 142.132.12.100) for readers in Canada, or at uk.cnd.org (IP address: 144.82.29.135) for readers in Europe. They can also be retrieved via Gopher World-Wide Web (WWW). Please refer to the section on "InfoBase and FTP - Gopher - WWW Services."
You can find CND publications in the following sub-directories under ~ftp/pub:
and
The FTP/Gopher site also provides a PostScript version of the Chinese Magazine ~{《华夏文摘》~}(HXWZ) that may contain pictures that are not available from the standard GB version. (Meanwhile, some pictures may be retriviable in GIF or JPEG format; please see the announcement in the relavent HXWZ issue.) What is more, an HTML version of the Chinese Magazine ~{《华夏文摘》~}(HXWZ) is provided on WWW only. In addition to possible pictures and sound that are not available in the standard version, the HTML version provides the facility for readers to skip sections to read only what they want to read. The PS version of the current issue is stored under ~ftp/pub/hxwz/PS-NEW; that of most recent issues is stored under ~ftp/pub/hxwz/PS-OLD. The HTML version can be accessed from http://www.cnd.org/HXWZ.
CND is archived weekly by some of the list servers. You may retrieve back issues by sending a GET command to the appropriate list server addresses. The general format of the command is:
GET Listname LOG yymmw
where yy is the year, mm is the month, while
w is the letter A-E denoting
the week. As an example, if you wish to retrieve the Chinese magazine
~{《华夏文摘》~} (Hua Xia Wen Zhai) published in the second week
of August, 1991, you may send the command
GET CCMAN-L LOG9108B
to
LISTSERV@UGA.BITNET or
LISTSERV@UGA.UGA.EDU
The following is the list of "Listnames" you should use in your command:
CND Service Listname Address
================ ========== =========================
CND-Global CHINA-NN LISTSERV@ASUACAD.BITNET or
LISTSERV@ASUVM.INRE.ASU.EDU
CND-US CHINA-ND LISTSERV@KENTVM.BITNET or
LISTSERV@KENTVM.KENT.EDU
CND-EP CND-EP LISTSERV@IUBVM.BITNET or
LISTSERV@IUBVM.UCS.INDIANA.EDU
HuaXiaWenZhai CCMAN-L LISTSERV@UGA.BITNET or
~{《华夏文摘》~} LISTSERV@UGA.UGA.EDU
CND-Canada (Archive not available from List Server)
If you are not able to send mail to BITNET addresses, use the Internet addresses given above.
Some of the back issues are put together and may be retrieved as packages. Currently the following packages are available:
INDEX CHINA-ND
to
LISTSERV@KENTVM.BITNET or
LISTSERV@KENTVM.KENT.EDU
You may retrieve any of these packages by sending a GET
command to
LISTSERV@KENTVM.BITNET or
LISTSERV@KENTVM.KENT.EDU
The general format of the command is,
GET package_name PACKAGE
As an example, if you wish to retrieve the first package listed above, the command would be,
GET CHINA PACKAGE
If you wish to have a broader understanding of how the LISTSERV services work, you may send command
HELP
to any LISTSERV address.
InfoBase is a collection of information we find of general interest to our readers and of perpetual value. Such information is classified and stored on cnd.org under ~ftp/pub/InfoBase. The current collections include materials related to the Tiananmen Masacre in 1989 (June4th89), those related to the Nanjing Masacre (Rape of Nanking) in 1937 (NJMasacre), those about Chinese literature (Literature), those about tax and immigration (packages), pictures of scenary sites in China, and so on. The media of InfoBase include text (English, Chinese, etc.), graphics, and sound.
There are many other sub-directories under ~ftp/pub hosting publications/information provided by others on the network. CND's WWW home page also directs users to useful information all over the network.
CND's FTP sites also mirror many other FTP sites carrying various public domain software, travel information, culture, pictures, music etc., you may access them by means of anonymous FTP, Gopher or WWW.
You can access most of the CND's FTP/InfoBase content via Gopher and WWW, plus many more features including reading CND Packages/HXWZ/Chinese files on-line, displaying graphic files, playing music stored in CND sites etc.
The official FTP site for CND is ftp.cnd.org (IP address: 132.249.229.100). The following commands are used to connect you to ftp.cnd.org via anonymous FTP:
ftp ftp.cnd.org
login: anonymous
password: {your_email_address}
(After you successfully logged in)
cd /pub
(Then use dir command to find out sub directories/files).
After a successful login as an anonymous FTP user, you may use
"dir" command to look filenames in each
directory/sub-directory in ~ftp/pub. The FTP command "cd
{directory name}" is used to enter a specific directory, and
the command "get {filename}" is used to retrieve
a specific file. Don't forget to set the transmission mode to
binary if you are transmitting a binary file, such as HXWZ's
GB files, by typing the FTP command "binary" (or simply
"bin").
The official Gopher site is currently cnd.org [IP: 132.249.229.100].
You must have a Gopher client installed on your local system in order
to use our Gopher service. A Gopher client is usually invoked by
typing "gopher" under the system prompt. Type "gopher
cnd.org" to get connected to CND.
The official WWW link is currently http://www.cnd.org [IP: 149.159.2.46]
(Note: WWW.cnd.org, NOT CND.ORG); readers in
Canada may use http://canada.cnd.org:8000 [IP:142.132.12.100] (Note:
You must use port 8000; that is, you must type
http://canada.cnd.org:8000 instead of http://canada.cnd.org).
You must have a WWW tool installed on your local system in order to use
our WWW service. Lynx, Mosaic, and Netscape, usually invoked by typing
respectively "
Note that some of the files you retrieve from these services are
compressed (with filename extensions ".z", ".Z",
".gz", or ".zip"). On UNIX machines, you may
uncompress those with suffices ".z" and ".Z"
by "
Some of the files (with filename extension ".tar") are UNIX
"tape archives" of multiple files. Use the command "
FTP and other utility programs may vary from system to system. Please
consult your local system resource people for more specific help,
especially if your machine is not running UNIX. Please consult your
local system resource people for more specific help, especially if
your machine is not running UNIX.
If you have any questions and/or suggestions regarding these service,
please send E-mail to webmaster@cnd.org.
If you have further questions after carefully reading this page and
following relevant instructions, we will be happy to help you, when
our time permits. Please direct your questions to
CND Reader's Service
(cnd-help@cnd.org).
Please understand that our VOLUNTEER helpers are exteremely busy and
they might be unable to respond to you in short time or write much
personalized resplies to you. If you have receievd some standard replies
to some general questions, please carefully read them -- in most of the
cases, the answer(s) to your question(s) can be found in those replies.
Once again, please be reminded that all CND mailing lists are moderated.
NEVER send mails to any of our mail lists. Do
NOT use the "reply" feature of your E-mail system to
send any message when reading our automatically distributed mails.
Send subscription/sign-off requests and other LISTSERV commands to a
LISTSERV; send contributions to appropriate editorial boards as
listed below; send administrative correspondence to the Manager at
CND-Manager@CND.ORG; and send technical correspondence to the
technical service center at CND-Help@CND.ORG.
We are geographically scattered all over the world, but we can be reached
at relatively centralized addresses on the computer network. Here is a
list of useful addresses you may use to reach us.
cnd-help@cnd.org
(for requests of technical help)lynx," "mosaic," or
"netscape" under the system prompt, are among the most
commonly used tools. Type "lynx http://www.cnd.org,"
for example, to get connected to CND if you use the text-only interface
Lynx.compress -d {filename}"
or "uncompress {filename}." Those with suffix
".gz" can be uncompressed by "gunzip
{filename};" and those with suffix ".zip" can be
uncompressed by "unzip {filename}." (Ask your
system manager if gunzip and unzip programs are not found on your
system.)tar
-xvf {filename}" to extract individual files.
(Click to go back to Table of Contents.)If you fail to sign off an automated mail list, first check out
the points listed in the section "Your Basic
Responsibilities (Sign On/Off, Submit Articles etc.)". If you still
need our help after all the efforts, please attach a copy of the CND
package including FULL mail header in your mail to the above address.
This will provide KEY information to our technical staff to process
your request efficiently.
If you are in Japan and have difficulty in signing on/off, also send a
copy of your request to:
(Click to go back to Table of Contents.)
To know more about CND as an organization, please review our
WWW home page. If you
wish to know more about us as people, read the
volunteer profiles.
webmaster@cnd.org
(for questions and suggestions about our WWW service)